3 items
A 3-item short form of the UCLA Loneliness Scale measuring subjective feelings of loneliness and social isolation.
Scoring
Sum all items (3–9). Higher scores = greater loneliness.
Citation
Hughes, M. E., Waite, L. J., Hawkley, L. C., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2004). A short scale for measuring loneliness in large surveys. Research on Aging, 26(6), 655–672.
doi:10.1177/0164027504268574License: Free for research use.
How often do you feel that you lack companionship?
1–3 · "Hardly ever" → "Often"
How often do you feel left out?
1–3 · "Hardly ever" → "Often"
How often do you feel isolated from others?
1–3 · "Hardly ever" → "Often"
Use this scale in your own ESM/EMA study — embed it as a survey within SMAAT.